Manu Prakash : Research : Bubble Logic : Modulator Universal Logic Nonlinear bubble interactions by hydro-dynamic force fields are exploited to build universal logic gates operating at low Re number in newtonian fluids. Microfluidic memory Bistable one-bit bubble memory for storage of both information and chemicals at the same time. Bubble circuits Bubble logic devices can be cascaded to form numerous digital circuit elements like ring oscillators, counters. Bubble synchronization Non-linear fluidic ladder networks are used to synchronize two streams of bubbles, thus correcting any timing error. Bubble modulator Bubbles can be generated on demand to encode information in a train of bubbles.  Home Microfluidic electro-thermal modulator for generating bubbles on demand. The device consists of a modified flow-focusing geometry and a platinum micro-heater embedded in the substrate. A short electric pulse can be applied to generate a bubble on demand.   Image Gallery Movies © 2007-2008 Last Updated : 8 Feb. 2007