Title Page Abstract Thesis Readers Table of Contents Acknowledgements 1 Introduction 1.1 Problem description 1.2 Vibrotactile mapping 2 Background and Motivation 2.1.1 Terminology/Definitions 2.1.2 Mechanics of Touch 2.1.3 Psychological aspects 2.1.4 Cognitive aspects of touch in combination with other modalities 2.1.5 Tactile illusions - the cutaneous rabbit 2.1.6 Tactile languages 2.2 Relevant Research 2.2.1 Force feedback devices 2.2.2 Tangible Interfaces InTouch 2.2.3 Mobile Computing 2.2.4 Deaf blind communication 3 ComTouch system design 3.1 Design rationale 3.1.1 System specification 3.1.2 Converting touch into vibration 3.2 Concept and Prototypes 3.2.1 Single Finger 3.2.2 Five finger prototype 3.3 Ergonomics 3.3.1 Form Factor 3.3.2 Precision grip vs. Strength Grip 3.3.3 Masking and Isolation 3.3.4 Compactness 4 Experiments 4.1 Evaluation of the Vibrotactile Mapping 4.1.1 Preliminary study of one finger of touch 4.1.2 Results 4.1.2.1 Emphasis 4.1.2.2 Mimicry 4.1.2.3 Turn-taking 4.1.3 Summary of Experiment I 4.2 Evaluation of multi-fingered Vibrotactile Mapping 4.2.1 Experiment 4.2.2 Results 4.2.3 Summary of Experiment II 5 Discussion 5.1 Affective aspects of tactile communication 5.2 The use of touch in mobile communication 5.2.1 A tactile language 5.2.2 Cutaneous Illusions 5.2.3 Coding of alphanumeric content 5.2.4 Multiplexing of Tactile transmissions 6 Conclusion and Future Work 6.1 The use of touch in remote communication 6.1.1 Augmentation 6.1.2 Standalone 6.2 The information content of touch 6.2.1 Bandwidth 6.2.2 Complexity 6.3 Future Directions 6.3.1 Different Modalities 6.3.2 Mobile Tactile Language Development Appendix A: Technical Descriptions and Diagrams Appendix B: Relevant Prior Arts References